Trilogie Bioscience’s defined polyubiquitin chains enable targeted investigation of ubiquitin signaling, protein degradation, DNA repair, autophagy, immune signaling, and protein trafficking pathways. These research-use-only reagents are enzymatically assembled from wild-type ubiquitin and manufactured with defined linkage specificity, controlled chain length, and high purity to support the generation of reproducible biochemical and biophysical data.
Available linkage types include M1 (Linear), K6, K11, K29, K33, K48, and K63 polyubiquitin chains, with well-characterized di-ubiquitin and tetra-ubiquitin formats. Each linkage represents a distinct ubiquitin “signal,” helping researchers evaluate how chain architecture influences protein fate, pathway activation, and ubiquitin-dependent regulation.
Applications include:
Ubiquitin chains can encode different biological outcomes depending on their lysine linkage and chain length. Using defined polyubiquitin chains allows researchers to study specific ubiquitin signals without the ambiguity introduced by heterogeneous or mixed-linkage materials.
K6-linked ubiquitin chains are associated with DNA damage repair and mitophagy, making them useful tools for studying mitochondrial quality control and genome maintenance pathways.
K11-linked chains are commonly associated with cell cycle control and proteasomal degradation, supporting research into cell cycle regulation, protein turnover, and ubiquitin-mediated degradation mechanisms.
K29-linked chains are connected to lysosomal targeting and stress response pathways, enabling investigation of noncanonical ubiquitin signaling and cellular stress biology.
K33-linked ubiquitin chains are associated with protein trafficking and immune signaling, supporting studies of intracellular transport, signaling regulation, and immune pathway modulation.
K48-linked chains are the canonical signal for proteasomal degradation and are widely used in studies of protein turnover, proteasome function, and ubiquitin-dependent degradation.
K63-linked chains are associated with signaling, DNA repair, and autophagy, making them valuable for studying non-degradative ubiquitin signaling and pathway regulation.
References:
Tracz M, Bialek W. Beyond K48 and K63: non-canonical protein ubiquitination. Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2021 Jan 5;26(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s11658-020-00245-6. PMID: 33402098.
Dittmar G, Winklhofer KF. Linear Ubiquitin Chains: Cellular Functions and Strategies for Detection and Quantification. Front Chem. 2020 Jan 10;7:915. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00915. PMID: 31998699.
Linkage composition analysis demonstrates high homogeneity across Trilogie’s defined polyubiquitin chain products. The reported target linkage composition is generally very high, with linkage purity exceeding 97-99% across all polyubiquitin chain products.
This high level of purity minimizes experimental variability and enables more accurate interpretation of ubiquitin-dependent biological processes.
| Trilogie Polyubiquitin Chain Product | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K6 Di | K6 Tetra | K11 Di | K11 Tetra | K48 Di | K48 Tetra | K63 Di | K63 Tetra | ||
| Linkage Type | Met1 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.97 |
| K6 | 99.6 | 98.9 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.11 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.49 | |
| K11 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 99.4 | 97.6 | 0.01 | 0.21 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |
| K27 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |
| K29 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |
| K33 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.13 | 1.72 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |
| K48 | 0.19 | 0.68 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 99.8 | 99.2 | 0.06 | 0.01 | |
| K63 | 0.05 | 0.21 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.28 | 99.4 | 98.5 | |
| Product | Product Code | Price | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| K48-linked Di-Ubiquitin | TUB-056 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| K48-linked Tetra-Ubiquitin | TUB-057 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| K63-linked Di-Ubiquitin | TUB-058 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| K63-linked Tetra-Ubiquitin | TUB-059 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| K6-linked Di-Ubiquitin | TUB-046 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| K11-linked Di-Ubiquitin | TUB-048 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| K6-linked Tetra-Ubiquitin | TUB-047 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| K11-linked Tetra-Ubiquitin | TUB-049 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| K29-linked Di-Ubiquitin | TUB-052 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| K29-linked Tetra-Ubiquitin | TUB-053 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| K33-linked Tetra-Ubiquitin | TUB-055 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| K33-linked Di-Ubiquitin | TUB-054 | From $200.00 | Show details |
| Met1-linked (Linear) Tetra-Ubiquitin | TUB-045 | From $200.00 | Show details |
Study how specific ubiquitin chain linkages regulate cellular signaling, protein interactions, and pathway activation.
Use K48- and K11-linked chains to investigate canonical and cell-cycle-associated proteasomal degradation pathways.
Apply K6- and K63-linked chains to interrogate DNA repair, mitochondrial quality control, mitophagy, and autophagy-related ubiquitin signaling.
Investigate K29-linked ubiquitin signaling pathways involved in lysosomal trafficking, stress response, and noncanonical ubiquitin biology.
Evaluate linkage-specific activity of E3 ligases, deubiquitinases (DUBs), ubiquitin-binding domains, and other ubiquitin pathway enzymes.
Support biochemical screening, target validation, and mechanistic studies in ubiquitin pathway-focused therapeutic research.
Defined polyubiquitin chains are ubiquitin polymers manufactured with a specific linkage type and chain length, allowing researchers to study individual ubiquitin signals in a controlled and reproducible way.
Different ubiquitin linkages are associated with different biological outcomes, including proteasomal degradation, DNA repair, immune signaling, autophagy, mitophagy, lysosomal targeting, and protein trafficking.
Trilogie offers well-characterized di-ubiquitin and tetra-ubiquitin products, with other chain lengths available upon request.
No. These products are for research use only and are not approved for diagnostic or therapeutic use.
